Cancer in Cats: What You Need to Know
At Willowbrook Veterinary Hospital, we’re committed to helping you navigate your cat’s health with compassion and expert care. If your cat has been diagnosed with cancer—or if you’re concerned about the possibility—here’s what you should know.
What are the most common types of cancer in cats?
The most common types of cancer in cats include:
- Lymphoma (affecting lymph nodes, intestines, or chest)
- Squamous cell carcinoma (skin or oral cancer)
- Mammary gland tumors (especially in unspayed females)
- Soft tissue sarcomas (tumors under the skin or in muscles)
- Fibrosarcomas (often vaccine-associated, though rare)
What are the signs and symptoms of cancer in cats?
Cats can be masters at hiding illness. Watch for these warning signs:
- Lumps or bumps that grow or change shape
- Weight loss without changes in appetite
- Loss of appetite or difficulty eating
- Wounds that won’t heal
- Difficulty breathing or coughing
- Vomiting or diarrhea that doesn’t resolve
- Lethargy or decreased activity
- Bad breath or drooling
- Unexplained bleeding or discharge
How is cancer diagnosed in cats?
Diagnosing cancer may involve a combination of:
- Physical examination
- Fine needle aspiration or biopsy of a lump
- Bloodwork
- X-rays or ultrasound
- Advanced imaging (CT scan or MRI, if needed)
How can I detect cancer early in my cat?
Early detection is key. Bring your cat for biannual veterinary exams, especially as they age. At home, regularly check for lumps, monitor weight, and watch for subtle behavioral changes.
What parts of my cat’s body can be affected by cancer?
Cancer can develop in almost any part of a cat’s body, including the skin, mouth, lymph nodes, bones, lungs, digestive tract, mammary glands, or internal organs.
What are the treatment options for cats with cancer?
Treatment depends on the type and stage of cancer. Common options include:
- Surgery: To remove tumors or affected tissue
- Chemotherapy: Medications to target cancer cells
- Radiation therapy: Targeted treatment for certain tumors
- Medication: To manage pain or slow tumor growth
- Alternative or complementary therapies: Some families explore acupuncture, herbal remedies, or nutritional support. We’re happy to discuss evidence-based options with you.
How effective is chemotherapy for treating cancer in cats?
Chemotherapy in cats is generally well-tolerated and aims to maintain quality of life rather than cause harsh side effects. Effectiveness depends on the type of cancer—some respond very well, while others may only see slowed progression.
Are there side effects of cancer treatments in cats?
Side effects are usually milder in cats than humans. Possible reactions include mild nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or temporary drop in white blood cells. We work closely with a board-certified veterinary oncologist to tailor treatment to minimize discomfort and monitor closely.
Can surgery be an option for treating my cat’s cancer?
Yes—surgery is often the first step if the tumor can be safely removed. It may be curative for localized cancers or combined with chemotherapy or radiation for more aggressive types.
What is the prognosis for cats diagnosed with cancer?
Prognosis varies widely. Some cancers are very treatable with good long-term outcomes, while others are more aggressive. We will discuss your cat’s specific diagnosis, treatment goals, and expected outlook with honesty and compassion.
How can I make my cat more comfortable during cancer treatment?
Comfort measures include:
- Pain management
- Appetite stimulants or feeding support
- Easy access to food, water, litter box
- Quiet, cozy spaces for rest
- Lots of love, patience, and attention
What are the risks of not treating cancer in my cat?
Without treatment, cancer may progress, causing pain, difficulty eating or breathing, weight loss, or organ failure. Some slow-growing cancers may cause fewer issues in the short term, while others progress rapidly.
How long can a cat live with cancer without treatment?
Survival time depends on cancer type and location. Some cats may live weeks to months, while others with slow-growing cancers may live a year or more. We’ll help you understand what to expect.
Are there alternative or holistic treatments for cat cancer?
Some families explore acupuncture, herbal supplements, or dietary changes. While alternative therapies shouldn’t replace proven treatments, they may provide comfort and improve well-being. Always discuss options with your veterinarian to avoid interactions.
How can I prevent cancer in my cat?
While not all cancers are preventable, you can lower risk by:
- Spaying female cats to reduce mammary cancer risk
- Limiting sun exposure for light-colored cats prone to skin cancer
- Keeping your cat indoors to avoid toxins and injuries
- Scheduling regular veterinary checkups
What dietary changes should I consider for a cat with cancer?
Some cats benefit from high-protein, low-carbohydrate diets or specialized veterinary cancer diets. Maintaining weight and hydration is critical. We can recommend a nutrition plan tailored to your cat’s needs.
How can I support my cat’s immune system during cancer treatment?
- Balanced nutrition
- Stress reduction
- Parasite prevention
- Supplements (if recommended by your vet)
- Regular check-ins to catch issues early
What are the warning signs of cancer recurrence in cats?
Watch for:
- Return of lumps or swelling
- Weight loss or decreased appetite
- Changes in energy level
- Difficulty breathing, eating, or urinating
If my cat has cancer, when do I put them down?
Deciding when to say goodbye is incredibly personal and difficult. We guide families based on quality of life:
- Is your cat eating, drinking, grooming, interacting?
- Is pain well-controlled?
- Are they able to use the litter box comfortably?
When joy and comfort give way to persistent suffering, euthanasia can be a compassionate choice. We’re here to support you through this decision.
We’re Here for You
If you’re concerned about cancer in your cat, or if your cat has been diagnosed, please call Willowbrook Veterinary Hospital to schedule a consultation. We’re honored to be part of your cat’s care journey, offering expertise, empathy, and support every step of the way.